Our country is rich in titanium resources, and the annual output of titanium materials has reached about 1,500 tons. Titanium materials are mostly used as civil welding components. As a material for welding components, titanium has high strength and low plasticity. Therefore, the decisive mechanical properties of titanium materials are not to strive for high strength, but to ensure not too low plasticity. In practical applications, industrial pure titanium with lower strength and better plasticity is mostly used, and titanium alloys are rarely used as welding components. Industrial pure titanium is divided into different grades according to the impurity content. The lower the impurity content, the lower the strength and the higher the plasticity. Basically, only titanium welding wire with low impurity content is used in welding components.
The welding of titanium generally uses hydrogen arc welding. To make the welded joint have high plasticity, the key is not the heat-affected zone, but the weld. Because the hardenability of industrial pure titanium is not high, the plasticity of the air-cooled state is not much lower than that of the annealed state, and the weld metal is a cast structure, and the post-weld state will not be protected during the welding process. The composition will always increase, and if the wire used has the same impurity composition as the base metal, the plasticity of the weld metal is always much lower than that of the base metal. To improve the plastic quality of welded joints, there is little room for effort in the welding process, and the practical measure is to reduce the impurity content of the welding wire.
The impurity content in titanium welding bars is roughly half that of titanium, and some are even lower. The impurity content of titanium material in my country is comparable to that of foreign countries, and the titanium welding wire used is made of ordinary titanium wire with the same impurity content as titanium material. my country has never had a real titanium welding wire standard and product with low impurity content, so the machinery industry has to use domestic ordinary titanium wire as welding wire in addition to foreign titanium welding wire.
Although the internal quality of the domestic titanium material used is comparable to that of foreign countries, the impurities of the welding wire used are twice as high as those of foreign countries, which makes the plasticity of the welded joints too low, and the welded joints are easy to crack when the equipment is cold formed. Unqualified, the plastic reserve of titanium welding equipment is greatly reduced. The amount of titanium welding wire accounts for about 2% of the weight of titanium equipment, and this 2% titanium welding rod reduces the quality of the entire titanium equipment in our country. The equipment and technical level of smelting titanium ingots in vacuum consumable furnaces in my country is relatively high. The impurity content of sponge titanium in my country is not worse than that of foreign countries.
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