Titanium and titanium alloys have the advantages of low density, high specific strength, and seawater corrosion resistance. They are ideal materials for ships and marine engineering. They are known as "marine metals", but the disadvantage is their high cost. Titanium-steel composite plate is a kind of high-efficiency and energy-saving composite material with steel as the matrix and covered with titanium on one or both sides. It can give full play to the advantages of the two materials. It not only has the corrosion resistance of titanium, but also has steel as a structural part. The strength and plasticity of the material prolong the service life of the material and reduce the cost at the same time. In addition, titanium steel composite plate is an environmentally friendly material. In seawater and corrosive solutions or gases, due to the formation of a stable oxide film on the surface, titanium and titanium alloys will not cause environmental problems caused by metal ion leakage due to corrosion or erosion.
At present, the processing technologies of titanium steel clad plate mainly include the explosive cladding method, rolling cladding method, explosion + rolling cladding method, and diffusion cladding method.
1. Explosive composite method
The explosive composite method is also called explosive welding. In this technology, the explosive explosion generates huge energy instantly, and the impact and friction generated break and remove the oxide film on the metal surface, exposing the fresh metal surface. The high-voltage pulse generated by the explosion makes the two The high-speed impact of the metal produces plastic deformation, melting and welding together.
The explosive composite method has a simple process and equipment, abundant energy, low cost, wide application range, and can realize the connection of almost any metal. In addition, the composite panels made by this method have high bonding strength and excellent reprocessing performance. There are also some problems and shortcomings in the explosive composite method, such as the low degree of mechanization of explosive composite processing and poor working conditions. The composite board processed by this method has defects such as uneven interface bonding strength, and the noise, vibration, and pollution generated during the explosion will cause damage to the surrounding environment.
2. Rolling composite method
The hot-rolling composite method is to overlap and assemble the composite material and the base material to form a slab to be rolled, weld the slab around, and then roll it to combine the composite material and the base material. Vacuum hot rolling is carried out in a vacuum. The composite layer and the base material undergo plastic deformation under pressure and temperature to break the surface oxide film and form a connection. Rolling in a vacuum can prevent the metal bonding surface from forming harmful oxides and nitrides. Protective atmosphere rolling composite technology, also known as CA composite technology, is the entire process from heating to composite rolling, and the metal strip is protected by a strict atmosphere, so as to prevent the formation of an oxide layer at the composite interface.
3. Explosion + rolling composite method
The explosion + rolling composite method is to use the explosive composite method to make thick composite slabs, and then hot-roll or cold-roll the composite slabs into the required size composite slabs according to different conditions and requirements. With the rapid development of my country's economy and manufacturing industry, the application of titanium-steel composite panels is developing in the direction of large-area and thin cladding. If the explosive composite method is used to produce titanium-steel clad panels with a cladding thickness of less than 2mm, a panel width of more than 2m, and a length of more than 6m, due to technical limitations, the yield is low and there is no market competitiveness. The method of explosion + rolling cladding or rolling cladding can meet this requirement and broaden the application field of clad plates.
The explosion + rolling composite method combines the advantages of the explosion method and the rolling method. The interface bonding strength of the titanium steel clad plate made by this method is between the explosion method and the rolling method and is suitable for the production of large-area, thin composite plates. Ti-steel clad plate, but still can not avoid the environmental pollution and other shortcomings of the explosive clad method.
4. Diffusion composite method
The diffusion recombination method is a method in which two materials are combined by atomic diffusion by heating them to a certain temperature and then pressurizing them. However, the diffusion process is very time-consuming, so only products with small dimensions and low bonding strength can be processed by this method. The diffusion composite method is not suitable for industrial mass production of titanium-steel clad plates.
Due to the commissioning and operation of large-capacity rolling mills, the two methods of explosive cladding and diffusion cladding are showing a tendency to be eliminated. The explosion + rolling composite method and rolling composite method can produce large-sized titanium steel clad plates, but the explosion + rolling composite method has complex procedures, many influencing factors, relatively low yield, high energy consumption, and environmental pollution. The trend of rolling compound method replacement. With the continuous improvement of rolling mill capacity and product requirements, the preparation of titanium-steel clad plates by the rolling clad method will become the mainstream trend.
Baoji Taicheng Clad Metal Materials Co., Ltd, as a professional titanium clad steel plate factory, can provide you with high-quality products and perfect services, welcome to consult!
