Titanium steel composite plate, also known as titanium steel bimetallic layered composite plate, is a layered composite material made of titanium or titanium alloy with excellent performance and steel materials by rolling, welding, and other forming processes. Among them, titanium, which is more expensive, is usually used as a cladding material, and its thickness accounts for a small proportion of the clad plate, which mainly plays a role in improving the corrosion resistance of the clad plate; the steel material with a lower cost is usually used as a base material, and its thickness is relatively small. The proportion is relatively large, and it mainly plays the role of ensuring the structural strength of the composite board. Through the organic compounding of titanium cladding plate and steel substrate, it has a series of advantages of titanium alloy and steel materials, such as good corrosion resistance, high plasticity and toughness, and high-cost performance. At present, titanium-steel composite panels have been widely used in marine engineering, freshwater engineering, ship engineering, mechanization, and chemical engineering, and are also an important development direction in the field of composite materials.
Welding, as an important and commonly used forming technology, is playing an increasingly important role in the application and promotion of titanium-steel clad plates. When welding titanium-steel composite plates, due to the particularity of material composition and layered structure, it is not only necessary to consider the welding characteristics of titanium alloys, steel materials, and titanium steel dissimilar metals, but also the welding process. The impact on performance, especially the dilution of titanium cladding during welding, requires special attention. Therefore, in the welding process of titanium-steel clad plates, the following factors need to be paid attention to first, there are large differences in physical properties such as melting point and thermal conductivity between titanium and steel that make up titanium-steel clad plates. There will be large residual stress at the joint, which will easily lead to the initiation of cracks; secondly, when the titanium-clad layer is heated to about 300, 450, and 600 °C, the phenomenon of absorbing H, O, and N will occur respectively, which also increases Possibility of defects such as air holes and cracks in the composite plate joint; in addition, TiFe2, TiFe, and other brittle intermetallic compounds are easily formed between Ti and Fe, which affects the performance of the joint; At the same time as the compound, it will also lead to the dilution and destruction of the titanium-clad layer, so the corrosion resistance of the welded joint will be severely reduced compared with the base metal.
At present, scholars at home and abroad have carried out extensive research on the welding technology of titanium-steel composite plates. The main welding methods involved include conventional argon tungsten arc welding, gas metal arc welding, and laser welding. Technology has played an important role in promoting the engineering application of composite panels.
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