Titanium-steel composite plates, which have both the advantages of titanium alloys and steel, are widely used in marine, shipbuilding, mechanized chemical and other industrial fields, and welding technology have played an irreplaceable key role in the process of its promotion and application.
Current status analysis of welding technology for titanium-steel clad plate
For the welding of titanium-steel clad plates, how to effectively suppress the alloying reaction between the titanium clad layer and the steel base layer during the welding process, so as to reduce the generation of brittle Ti-Fe intermetallic compounds, and at the same time reduce or even avoid the problem of dilution of the titanium clad layer It is the key to realize its high-strength and reliable connection. At present, one of the main ways is to avoid direct contact between titanium and steel through layered welding through different groove designs; another common way is to add a transition layer during welding to prevent titanium direct contact with steel, so as to realize the control of the microstructure and performance of the joint; in addition, in order to improve the efficiency of clad plate welding, some scholars try to use laser one-time penetration to carry out high-efficiency welding of titanium-steel clad plate.
1. Design of groove form
Through different groove structure designs, combined with the method of layered welding, the direct contact between the molten steel base layer and the titanium clad layer can be avoided during the welding process, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the generation of brittle Ti-Fe intermetallic compounds in the joint.
2. Design and addition of transition layer materials
When the molten titanium and steel are in direct contact during the welding process, not only will brittle intermetallic compounds be formed inside the weld, but the excessive alloying reaction will also lead to the dilution of the titanium clad layer, thereby deteriorating the performance of the joint. Adding a transition layer between the two is a good way to solve the above problems.
3. Penetration welding
Multi-layer multi-pass welding, as well as layered welding + transition layer, etc., can reduce the amount of intermetallic compounds in the joint and improve performance. Studies have also confirmed that reducing welding heat input will reduce the amount of intermetallic compounds. to a positive effect. Compared with the traditional arc welding method, high-energy beam welding has a good application potential in the welding of titanium-steel clad plates because of its significant advantages of high energy density and low welding heat input. Research on beam welding is still in its infancy.
At present, the research and engineering application of titanium-steel composite plate welding by combining the multi-pass welding technology with adding transition layer has been relatively mature. However, the multi-layer multi-pass welding process has the disadvantages of cumbersome process and low efficiency, which limits its wider application to a certain extent. Although the high energy density and low heat input of high-energy beam welding technologies such as lasers and electron beams have been used to conduct one-time penetration welding of composite panels, it has shown good potential in improving the welding efficiency of composite panels. However, in-depth and systematic research is still urgently needed in the field of how to select, design and add transition layer metals to further improve the quality of joints, which will also be one of the key development directions in this field in the future.
With the continuous increase in the application fields of titanium steel clad plates and the continuous development of welding technology, welding technology will play an increasingly important role in promoting the engineering application of titanium steel clad plates. At the same time, the experimental and theoretical research on the welding of titanium-steel clad plates will also provide guidance and reference for the welding of difficult-to-weld dissimilar metals and other clad plates.
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